Typical parts found on GENERATORS
AND HOW THE GENERATOR PARTS WORK TOGETHER

Diodes
What are the diodes for?
The diode takes Alternating Current (AC) and converts it into Direct Current (DC). This is done by blocking half of the sine wave. The end result is what is called "pulsating DC". This DC type of power is used to create the magnatisim in the Rotor necessary to induce the electrical magnetic field into the Stator windings, creating the Alternating Current for your use.

Voltage Regulator
Does yours have one?

Why do some have one and some do not?
Voltage Regulators have the ability to detect proper output voltage. If the proper voltage is not present, then the regulator will adjust the Rotor Excitation so that a higher voltage comes out of the Stator Power Winding. This component is typically put on more expensive units requiring closer output tolerances.

How is voltage regulated if my unit does not have a regulator?
Units without this type of control are regulated by Engine Governed RPM. A specified higher "no load" RPM setting is made subsequently producing a higher output level. When a load is placed on the engine, the engine rpm drops to a preferred rpm. This "loaded" engine rpm being maintained by the engine governor will produce voltage at a desireable output level.

Capacitor
What is the Capacitor used for?
The capacitor by definition is simply a Battery or storage device. Capacitors can be charged with DC Voltage, storing a small amount of power for use in "excitation" of the Rotor. If a capacitor is bad, it will not store this voltage and your unit will not have the "jump start" power to get the excitation started within the Rotor.

Brushes
What are the brushes for?
The brushes are used for transfering power into the Rotor.
Made of Carbon, the brushes provide the slip connection on the slip rings of the Rotor face or shaft.